Ignition Systems For Gasoline Engines
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Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines
At the dawn of the automotive age, designing a suitable ignition system for the spark-ignition engine represented as formulated by automotive pioneer Carl Benz the crux of all our problems. Among the exceptional talents focused on resolving the thorny issues of the day was that of Robert Bosch. The ultimate result was the Bosch high-voltage magneto. The company registered a patent on this epoch-making system on 7 January, 1902, in the same year that the first units were delivered to customers in the automotive industry. At the same time, Bosch embarked upon the development and manufacture of yet another vital ignition component, the spark plug, an event which celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2002. This brochure from our automotive technology series starts with a thumbnail sketch tracing the evolution of ignition systems. It then proceeds to the design and operation of modern inductive ignition systems as installed in current passenger cars with spark-ignition engines. Two of this brochures central topics are the ignition coil and the spark plug, to which special sections have been devoted. These sections furnish detailed descriptions of the design, versions and operating concepts of various coil and plug models. Also included are descriptions of the particular demands imposed by direct gasoline injection and their implications for the selection of ignition components. The chapter on service technology offers insights into the methods employed to test ignition systems along with an overview of the test equipment used in service operations. Covers: -Historical retrospective-Design of inductive ignition systems-Ignition coils and spark plugs-Service technology
Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines
The volume includes selected and reviewed papers from the 3rd Conference on Ignition Systems for Gasoline Engines in Berlin in November 2016. Experts from industry and universities discuss in their papers the challenges to ignition systems in providing reliable, precise ignition in the light of a wide spread in mixture quality, high exhaust gas recirculation rates and high cylinder pressures. Classic spark plug ignition as well as alternative ignition systems are assessed, the ignition system being one of the key technologies to further optimizing the gasoline engine.
Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines
The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.