High Throughput Block Copolymer Nanoparticle Assembly Methods
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Magnetic Nanoparticle Assemblies
Magnetic nanoparticles with diameters in the range of a few nanometers are today at the cutting edge of modern technology and innovation because of their use in numerous applications ranging from engineering to biomedicine. A great deal of scientific interest has been focused on the functionalization of magnetic nanoparticle assemblies. The understanding of interparticle interactions is necessary to clarify the physics of these assemblies and their use in the development of high-performance magnetic materials. This book reviews prominent research studies on the static and dynamic magnetic properties of nanoparticle assemblies, gathering together experimental and computational techniques in an effort to reveal their optimized magnetic properties for biomedical use and as ultra-high magnetic recording media.
High Throughput Block Copolymer Nanoparticle Assembly Methods
Nanotechnology achievements have presented novel solutions to problems in energy harvesting, lithographic strategies, and biomedical treatments with development of functional nanoparticles. However, many nanotech demonstrations originate from organic syntheses, limiting translation of hydrophobic materials to aqueous media. Nanoparticle encapsulation within self-assembling amphiphilic block copolymers represents an attractive gateway to water delivery. Unfortunately, most modes of polymer self-assembly are considered at the batch level, with limited translation to scalable technologies and, therefore, a limited horizon for broad application or commercialization. Flow-based adaptations of prior batch efforts represent a significant step toward the development of a truly continuous mode of nanotechnology production. We have demonstrated two distinct routes for block copolymer nanoparticle generation, each transferring amphiphilic polymer from organic solution into water, thus inducing self-assembly. The first technique is a coaxial electrospray process, used to form emulsion droplets for a polymer particle assembly approach with a water-immiscible organic solvent. The second is a flash nanoprecipitation option, in which water-miscible solvent is rapidly mixed with water to induce sudden particle assembly. We have demonstrated the ability to control and improve polymer throughput and, therefore, nanoparticle production rates by manipulating operational parameters specific to each system. In addition, we have utilized coaxial electrospray to encapsulate hydrophobic magnetic material within polymer structures, for eventual use in manipulation or imaging technologies. Nanoparticle research applications are limited without sufficient process development to generate adequate amounts of material. Scalable nanomanufacturing efforts are in vein if unable to deliver functional particles in a repeatable, robust manner. Coaxial electrospray and flash nanoprecipitation both represent promising directions for future implementation because they achieve both goals: success on the nanoscale, with production enough for utility at the macroscale.
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Bovine Mastitis Treatment
This book features an in-depth examination of the ongoing problem of bovine mastitis and the potential solutions offered by polymer nanoparticles. With extensive research and analysis, the book delves into the causes and consequences of bovine mastitis, including the shift in the relevance of various infections and the increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. The authors explore the use of nanoparticles as a potential alternative to traditional antibiotics and the importance of tailoring their characteristics for specific uses. Detailed discussions of the pros and cons of different manufacturing procedures and characterizations of bovine mastitis, drug-resistant bacteria, and resistance development make this monograph an invaluable resource for researchers and experts in the field of veterinary medicine, and an excellent resource for those interested in investigating the viability of nano-materials as future antibiotic alternatives.