Hierarchy In Natural And Social Sciences
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Hierarchy in Natural and Social Sciences
Author: Denise Pumain
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2006-02-09
Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information. This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems. At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.
Centralities and Hierarchies of Networks and Territories
Digital data, graph theory and spatial modeling allow us to apply the concepts of centralities and hierarchies to a wide variety of spatial situations. The authors of this book offer insight into centralities and hierarchies within networks and territories at different scales and temporalities and for different socio-spatial phenomena. The first part of the book explores the contribution of data from cell phones and social networks to understanding the centralities and hierarchies of urban space within a circumscribed temporality. The second part uses network analysis – ecological networks, media networks and scientific knowledge networks – to propose indicators of spatial organization that reveal the centralities and hierarchies of spatial systems. Finally, in the third part, the territorial processes behind the formation of centralities and hierarchies are presented from a long-term perspective.
A Sociological Perspective on Hierarchies in Educational Institutions
Author: Einav Argaman
language: en
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Release Date: 2022-10-24
A Sociological Perspective on Hierarchies in Educational Institutions bridges the gap between theory and practice, drawing together research from different perspectives without losing comprehensiveness, accuracy, and in-depth coverage of hierarchy and educational institutions - a novel contribution to Organizational Studies.