Hadron Colliders At The Highest Energy And Luminosity Proceedings Of The 34th Wrshp Of The Infn Project
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Hadron Colliders At The Highest Energy And Luminosity: Proceedings Of The 34th Wrshp Of The Infn Project
Author: Alessandro G Ruggiero
language: en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date: 1998-02-24
The quest for the revelation of the deepest composition of the structure of matter and the nature of the fundamental forces that bind them together is underway, using experiments with colliding hadron beams at the largest energy and luminosity that present and near-future accelerator technology can allow. This book gives the physics motivation of such a collider and discusses the benefits and requirements of the experimental program. Obviously the size of the collider is a major concern, and that is determined by the bending field which is possible to achieve in superconducting magnets; the book includes a discussion on the ultimate expected magnetic field that can be reached. There are also presentations of straw-man designs; in particular, the effects of the synchrotron radiation, which are quite significant at very large energies and large bending fields, are examined, with the possibility of taking advantage of them for the attainment of small beam size and thus luminosity. In addition, detector issues are discussed, especially in relation to the large expected background, the total number of events, and the difficulties of gathering and selecting relevant events. Finally, there is a discussion on the social and political implications of such a project.
Hadron Colliders at the Highest Energy and Luminosity
Author: INFN ELOISATRON Project. Workshop
language: en
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated
Release Date: 1998-01-01
The quest for the revelation of the deepest composition of the structure of matter and the nature of the fundamental forces that bind them together is underway, using experiments with colliding hadron beams at the largest energy and luminosity that present and near-future accelerator technology can allow. This book gives the physics motivation of such a collider and discusses the benefits and requirements of the experimental program. Obviously the size of the collider is a major concern, and that is determined by the bending field which is possible to achieve in superconducting magnets; the book includes a discussion on the ultimate expected magnetic field that can be reached. There are also presentations of straw-man designs; in particular, the effects of the synchrotron radiation, which are quite significant at very large energies and large bending fields, are examined, with the possibility of taking advantage of them for the attainment of small beam size and thus luminosity. In addition, detector issues are discussed, especially in relation to the large expected background, the total number of events, and the difficulties of gathering and selecting relevant events. Finally, there is a discussion on the social and political implications of such a project.
CONCLUSIONS OF THE WORKSHOP [Hadron Colliders at the Highest Energy and Luminosity].
During this Workshop, it was concluded that a Proton-Proton Collider with an energy of 100 TeV per beam and a luminosity of about 1035 cm−2 s−1 is feasible. The most important technical requirement for the realization of such a project is a large bending field. For instance, a field of 13 Tesla would be desirable. This is twice the field of the SSC superconducting magnets, which very likely may be achieved in a non-too-far future by extrapolation of the present technology. The design of this Collider would follow very closely the methods used for the design of the SSC and of the LHC, with the major noticeable difference that, because of the larger bending field and the larger beam energy, the performance is determined by the effects of the Synchrotron Radiation in the similar manner they affect the performance of an electron-positron collider. This fact has considerable beneficial consequences since it allows the attainment of large luminosity by reducing the beam dimensions at collision and by requiring, to some degree, less number of particles per beam. On the other end, the losses to synchrotron radiation are to be absorbed by the cryogenic system, and the vacuum system should be capable to cope with them. A more significant rf system may also be required. The cost is overwhelmingly important for a project of this size. It is possible to make an estimate of the cost of the collider alone, excluding the injector complex, by extrapolating from the experience acquired with the RHIC and SSC magnets. Thus, the cost estimate is more difficult, but it is not expected to exceed 10 billion dollars. This is only the technical cost of the components, to which other burden costs, of engineering, architectural and administrative nature, are to be added.