Experimental Study Of The Three Dimensional Internal Structure Of Underventilated Compartment Fires In An Iso 9705 Room


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Experimental Study of the Three Dimensional Internal Structure of Underventilated Compartment Fires in an ISO 9705 Room


Experimental Study of the Three Dimensional Internal Structure of Underventilated Compartment Fires in an ISO 9705 Room

Author: Nist

language: en

Publisher: CreateSpace

Release Date: 2014-03-07


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This report documents a set of 9 full scale ISO 9705 room under-ventilated compartment fire experiments for the purpose of guiding the development of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) computer fire model - Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The gas species composition and temperature throughout the interior of the compartment was mapped during quasi-steady burning conditions using movable measurement probes. In conjunction with the gas species and temperature measurements, global heat release rate, global burning mass rate, and local heat flux measurements were taken. The tests yielded detailed maps. From the data collected, the mixture fraction (with and without soot included in the calculations), local equivalence ratio, carbon monoxide and soot yields, fractional carbon monoxide and soot ratios, and combustion efficiency for each test were determined. Results from ethanol (a low sooting fuel) and heptane (a mildly sooting fuel) are presented. The results collected in this set of experiments were also compared and contrasted to the results of similar tests done in the previous report in this series of testing, NIST Technical Note 1603: Experimental Study of the Effects of Fuel Type, Fuel Distribution, and Vent Size on Full-Scale Underventilated Compartment Fires in an ISO 9705 Room.

Nist Technical Note 1736


Nist Technical Note 1736

Author: U.s. Department of Commerce

language: en

Publisher: CreateSpace

Release Date: 2014-01-31


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This report documents a set of 9 full scale ISO 9705 room under-ventilated compartment fire experiments. The gas species composition and temperature throughout the interior of the compartment were mapped during quasi-steady burning conditions. Particular focus is placed on minor carbonaceous gas species and soot. Fire protection engineers, fire researchers, regulatory authorities, fire service and law enforcement personnel use fire field models such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) for design and analysis of fire safety features in buildings and for post-fire reconstruction and forensic applications.

Fire Toxicity


Fire Toxicity

Author: A A Stec

language: en

Publisher: Elsevier

Release Date: 2010-03-12


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Toxic fire effluents are responsible for the majority of fire deaths, and an increasing large majority of fire injuries, driven by the widespread and increasing use of synthetic polymers. Fire safety has focused on preventing ignition and reducing flame spread through reducing the rate of heat release, while neglecting the important issue of fire toxicity. This is the first reference work on fire toxicity and the only scientific publication on the subject in the last 15 years.Assessment of toxic effects of fires is increasingly being recognised as a key factor in the assessment of fire hazards. This book raises important issues including the types of toxic effluents that different fires produce, their physiological effects, methods for generation and assessment of fire toxicity, current and proposed regulations and approaches to modelling the toxic impact of fires.The contributors to Fire toxicity represent an international team of the leading experts in each aspect of this challenging and important field. This book provides an important reference work for professionals in the fire community, including fire fighters, fire investigators, regulators, fire safety engineers, and formulators of fire-safe materials. It will also prove invaluable to researchers in academia and industry. - Investigates the controversial subject of toxic effluents as the cause of the majority of fire deaths and injuries - Describes the different types of toxic effluents and the specific fires that they produce, their physiological effects and methods for generation - Provides an overview of national and international fire safety regulations including current and proposed regulations such as a standardized framework for prediction of fire gas toxicity