Dynamics Of Controlled Mechanical Systems With Delayed Feedback
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Dynamics of Controlled Mechanical Systems with Delayed Feedback
Author: H.Y. Hu
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2013-03-09
Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of active control of various mechanical systems. With increasingly strict requirements for control speed and system performance, the unavoidable time delays in both controllers and actuators have become a serious problem. For instance, all digital controllers, analogue anti aliasing and reconstruction filters exhibit a certain time delay during operation, and the hydraulic actuators and human being interaction usually show even more significant time delays. These time delays, albeit very short in most cases, often deteriorate the control performance or even cause the instability of the system, be cause the actuators may feed energy at the moment when the system does not need it. Thus, the effect of time delays on the system performance has drawn much at tention in the design of robots, active vehicle suspensions, active tendons for tall buildings, as well as the controlled vibro-impact systems. On the other hand, the properly designed delay control may improve the performance of dynamic sys tems. For instance, the delayed state feedback has found its applications to the design of dynamic absorbers, the linearization of nonlinear systems, the control of chaotic oscillators, etc. Most controlled mechanical systems with time delays can be modeled as the dynamic systems described by a set of ordinary differential equations with time delays.
Dynamics of Controlled Mechanical Systems with Delayed Feedback
Recent years have witnessed a rapid development of active control of various mechanical systems. With increasingly strict requirements for control speed and system performance, the unavoidable time delays in both controllers and actuators have become a serious problem. For instance, all digital controllers, analogue anti aliasing and reconstruction filters exhibit a certain time delay during operation, and the hydraulic actuators and human being interaction usually show even more significant time delays. These time delays, albeit very short in most cases, often deteriorate the control performance or even cause the instability of the system, be cause the actuators may feed energy at the moment when the system does not need it. Thus, the effect of time delays on the system performance has drawn much at tention in the design of robots, active vehicle suspensions, active tendons for tall buildings, as well as the controlled vibro-impact systems. On the other hand, the properly designed delay control may improve the performance of dynamic sys tems. For instance, the delayed state feedback has found its applications to the design of dynamic absorbers, the linearization of nonlinear systems, the control of chaotic oscillators, etc. Most controlled mechanical systems with time delays can be modeled as the dynamic systems described by a set of ordinary differential equations with time delays.
Deterministic Car-Following Traffic Models
This book is a study of the effects of delays, stemming from a range of sources, on the behaviour of traffic flow. It provides the reader with theoretical approaches and computational tools, including existing tools from the field of control systems, for analysing the stability and slinky features of dynamical systems affected by time delays. Through examples and case-studies it shows how to implement these tools on a variety of traffic-flow models. The models considered are microscopic flow models (dealing with the behaviour of individual vehicles rather than the study of group effects) formulated as continuous-time deterministic delay-differential equations. Physiological lag (human reaction), mechanical time-lag and the delay time of vehicular motion are only a few examples of the multitude of delays that are applied to a traffic model. Such delays may also be discrete (constant), distributed or time-varying; the text concentrates on the constant and distributed delays associated with the representation of linear stability and slinky features to allow a compact and analytically tractable demonstration of the intricacy of delay effects. Readers with an academic research background in applied maths, vehicle dynamics and traffic modelling and graduate students working in those fields will find this brief to be an interesting source of results and openings for further work. It is also useful for engineers working on traffic-management systems and the guidance and control of autonomous vehicles.