Dynamic Brain From Neural Spikes To Behaviors
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Dynamic Brain - from Neural Spikes to Behaviors
This volume contains invited and contributed papers presented at the 12th edition of the International Summer School on Neural Networks "Eduardo R. Caianiello," co-organized by the RIKEN BSI (Japan) and the Department of Physics of the U- versity of Salerno (Italy). The 12th edition of the school was directed by Maria Marinaro (University of Salerno), Silvia Scarpetta (University of Salerno) and Yoko Yamaguchi (RIKEN BSI Japan) and hosted in the Ettore Majoranca Center in Erice in Italy. The contributions collected in this book are aimed at providing primarily high-level tutorial coverage of the fields related to neural dynamics, reporting recent experim- tal and theoretical results investigating the role of collective dynamics in hippocampal and parahippocampal regions and in the mammalian olfactory system. This book is devoted to graduate students and researchers with different scientific background (including physics, mathematics, biology, neuroscience, etc.) who wish to learn about brain science beyond the boundary of their fields. Each lecture aimed to include basic guidance in each field. Topics of lectures include the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex dynamics and mammalian olfactory system dynamics, memory and phase coding, mechanisms for spatial navigation and for episodic memory function, oscillations in neural assemblies, cortical up and down states, and related topics where frontier efforts in recent decades have been successfully linked to a remarkable evolution of the field. April 2008 M. Marinaro S. Scarpetta Y. Yamaguchi
Neural Masses and Fields: Modelling the Dynamics of Brain Activity
Biophysical modelling of brain activity has a long and illustrious history and has recently profited from technological advances that furnish neuroimaging data at an unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. Neuronal modelling is a very active area of research, with applications ranging from the characterization of neurobiological and cognitive processes, to constructing artificial brains in silico and building brain-machine interface and neuroprosthetic devices. Biophysical modelling has always benefited from interdisciplinary interactions between different and seemingly distant fields; ranging from mathematics and engineering to linguistics and psychology. This Research Topic aims to promote such interactions by promoting papers that contribute to a deeper understanding of neural activity as measured by fMRI or electrophysiology. In general, mean field models of neural activity can be divided into two classes: neural mass and neural field models. The main difference between these classes is that field models prescribe how a quantity characterizing neural activity (such as average depolarization of a neural population) evolves over both space and time as opposed to mass models, which characterize activity over time only; by assuming that all neurons in a population are located at (approximately) the same point. This Research Topic focuses on both classes of models and considers several aspects and their relative merits that: span from synapses to the whole brain; comparisons of their predictions with EEG and MEG spectra of spontaneous brain activity; evoked responses, seizures, and fitting data - to infer brain states and map physiological parameters.
Hippocampal Microcircuits
Author: Vassilis Cutsuridis
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2010-02-01
Rich in detail, Hippocampal Microcircuits: A Computational Modeler’s Resource Book provides succinct and focused reviews of experimental results. It is an unparalleled resource of data and methodology that will be invaluable to anyone wishing to develop computational models of the microcircuits of the hippocampus. The editors have divided the material into two thematic areas. Covering the subject’s experimental background, leading neuroscientists discuss the morphological, physiological and molecular characteristics as well as the connectivity and synaptic properties of the various cell types found in the hippocampus. Here, ensemble activity, related to behavior, on the part of morphologically identified neurons in anesthetized and freely moving animals, lead to insights into the functions of hippocampal areas. In the second section, on computational analysis, computational neuroscientists present models of hippocampal microcircuits at various levels of detail, including single-cell and network levels. A full chapter is devoted to the single-neuron and network simulation environments currently used by computational neuroscientists in developing their models. In addition to the above, the chapters also identify outstanding questions and areas in need of further clarification that will guide future research by computational neuroscientists.