Durability Of Polymer Based Composite Systems For Structural Applications
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Durability of Polymer Based Composite Systems for Structural Applications
Ufe time prediction, durability and reliability analysis of structural components for industrial application, have been important problems for a long time, whatever materials used. Fatigue behaviour, fracture mechanics analysis, limit behaviour and strength criteria, as well as damage analysis, were developed in order to obtain material related elements to be used in structural component design. Classical materials such as metals are generally isotropic and a large amount of data are available for those materials since many decades. The analysis of many important failures of structural components brought attention to the influence of the environmental conditions, such as temperature, moisture, corrosive liquids and radiations, on the mechanical characteristics. In the last decades an important number of structural applications, especially in the aerospace industry, needed lightweight components and pushed the used materials and design concepts to higher levels of performances. The introduction of composites was an interesting answer to these goals, but they brought an important amount of new problems that has to be solved for safe structural applications under combined mechanical and environmental loading histories. Composites for structural applications can be built up with short or long continuous fibres or even textiles. They can be quasi-isotropic or anisotropic and the mismatch of fibre and matrix properties need a careful understanding of the interface interphase properties.
Durability of Polymer Based Composite Systems for Structural Applications
Advanced, high-performance composite materials are really material systems. The constituent materials interact in such a way that their collective response is more than the linear sum of the response of the constituents. This simple reality provides the technical community with a remarkable opportunity to create composite material systems which are uniquely suited to perform specific engineering tasks. At the same time, this systems aspect of composite materials is a very great challenge to the research community. In introduces complexity, nonlinearity, and scaling problems (to name a few) which require the development of new representations of material behavior, from the standpoint of mechanics, chemistry, and physics.
Durability Analysis of Structural Composite Systems
Durability analysis can be defined as the prediction methodology of safe residual behaviour after a given life time under a complex mechanical loading history in combination with a program of environmental variations. This was, and is a central problem for the reliability of structural components whatever are the basic material systems. With composite systems, combination of different materials in interaction, an integrated material structure design becomes possible. If one of the phases is a polymer, the composite system has time dependent properties and as consequence durability analysis has to be performed taking into account the internal time factor in combination with strong influences from temperature changes and moisture diffusion. Insurance companies need information on durability and reliability in order to cover the risks, and in the event of failure lawyers have to arrive at an agreement om the responsibilites of the different actors involved in the constructiion. This book is an overview of the state of the different aspects of safe structural integrity for a given lifetime of composite structures, with special emphasis on polymer matrix composites. It is of interest for scientists and engineers involved in composites and for designers of composite structural components.