Does An Electron Have A Structure
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Does an electron have a structure?
The superficial philosophy that believes that the electron lacks content and thus structure, and thus is punctual, has its roots that can be traced back hundred years, as the author sees it. Then founded the positivist philosophy we find in today's physics and other natural sciences. The contents will be destroyed in Heisenberg's and Bohr's philosophy, the so called Copenhagen interpretation where the statistical data and mathematical formulas is all we can lean on. A philosophy Albert Einstein stubbornly criticized his entire life, as we know. Only fuzzy statistics that God plays dice, he meant. This is often the content of any criticism of the Copenhagen interpretation, and it was his. The belief that quantum mechanics is the final truth is a major obstacle to scientific development. Therefore Einstein could not convince Bohr and others with his criticism. There were also some important puzzles missing for this at this time. More sophisticated instruments were required than were available 80-90 years ago. Therefore, it took a long time in the 1980s before an advanced chaos theory could be established. But the established truth about the perfect quantum mechanics prevented an integration with new discoveries and theories. Thus, one has not realized that nature was and is organized not only in the mechanical way that quantum mechanics and wave mechanics and so on assume. What chaos theory using fast computers so graphically and vividly could show. It is thus no coincidence that physics deals with punctual mechanical objects, but is a consequence of a world view, an ideology. In fact, there is nothing in this world that does not have a structure.
Transmission Electron Microscopy
This text is a companion volume to Transmission Electron Microscopy: A Textbook for Materials Science by Williams and Carter. The aim is to extend the discussion of certain topics that are either rapidly changing at this time or that would benefit from more detailed discussion than space allowed in the primary text. World-renowned researchers have contributed chapters in their area of expertise, and the editors have carefully prepared these chapters to provide a uniform tone and treatment for this exciting material. The book features an unparalleled collection of color figures showcasing the quality and variety of chemical data that can be obtained from today’s instruments, as well as key pitfalls to avoid. As with the previous TEM text, each chapter contains two sets of questions, one for self assessment and a second more suitable for homework assignments. Throughout the book, the style follows that of Williams & Carter even when the subject matter becomes challenging—the aim is always to make the topic understandable by first-year graduate students and others who are working in the field of Materials Science Topics covered include sources, in-situ experiments, electron diffraction, Digital Micrograph, waves and holography, focal-series reconstruction and direct methods, STEM and tomography, energy-filtered TEM (EFTEM) imaging, and spectrum imaging. The range and depth of material makes this companion volume essential reading for the budding microscopist and a key reference for practicing researchers using these and related techniques.
The Theory of Almost Everything
There are two scientific theories that, taken together, explain the entire universe. The first, which describes the force of gravity, is widely known: Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity. But the theory that explains everything else—the Standard Model of Elementary Particles—is virtually unknown among the general public. In The Theory of Almost Everything, Robert Oerter shows how what were once thought to be separate forces of nature were combined into a single theory by some of the most brilliant minds of the twentieth century. Rich with accessible analogies and lucid prose, The Theory of Almost Everything celebrates a heretofore unsung achievement in human knowledge—and reveals the sublime structure that underlies the world as we know it.