Digital Universe Theory
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Turing's Cathedral
How did computers take over the world? In late 1945, a small group of brilliant engineers and mathematicians gathered at the newly created Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Their ostensible goal was to build a computer which would be instrumental in the US government's race to create a hydrogen bomb. The mathematicians themselves, however, saw their project as the realization of Alan Turing's theoretical 'universal machine.' In Turing's Cathedral, George Dyson vividly re-creates the intense experimentation, incredible mathematical insight and pure creative genius that led to the dawn of the digital universe, uncovering a wealth of new material to bring a human story of extraordinary men and women and their ideas to life. From the lowliest iPhone app to Google's sprawling metazoan codes, we now live in a world of self-replicating numbers and self-reproducing machines whose origins go back to a 5-kilobyte matrix that still holds clues as to what may lie ahead.
Programming The Universe
IN THE BEGINNING WAS THE BIT... The universe is made of bits of information and it has been known for more than a century that every piece of the the universe - every electron, atom and molecule - registers these bits and that information. It is only in the last years, however, with the discovery and development of quantum computers, that scientists have gained a fundamental understanding of just how that information is registered and processed. Building on recent breakthroughs in quantum computation, Seth Lloyd shows how the universe itself is a giant computer. Every atom and elementary particle stores these bits, and every collision between those atoms and particles flips the bits into a new arrangement and effortlessly spins out beautiful and complex systems, including galaxies, planets and life itself. But every computer needs a program, the set of instructions that tell it what patterns to create. Where did the bits come from that tell the universe to create its magnificent complexity? Who - or what - is programming the universe?
Digital Physics
This book reveals astonishing details about the universe, and particularly the unseen consciousness that is embedded in everything in the universe and that expresses itself through computation. This view leads to the realization that computing drives everything in the universe and that the universe can be understood as a self-computing consciousness.Ediho Lokanga argues that there is enough evidence in physics, chemistry and biology to justify a comparison of the universe with a programmed, self-organizing system. Everything around us-be it our planet Earth, a megasystem-like galaxy, photosynthesis in plants, and even the migration of butterflies-is a programmed system in its own right, and all these transformational processes involve computations. Together, all these components are integrated to produce what we call our universe.The last few years have given rise to a steady accumulation of theoretical, experimental, mathematical, and observational evidence that unseen computations drive every action in the universe, and that this view may be necessary to explain certain observed nonphysical, physical, chemical and biological phenomena in a new light. We have reached the point at which some of the most compelling evidence can no longer be ignored: the universe computes. This realization has several implications for humanity and is summarized by the five postulates of digital physics: Computation can describe all things: With the advent and development of computer hardware and software, everything that we use, including literature, pictures, music, images, equations and CDs, is encapsulated in the basic notation of computation.All things can compute: Computers have been made out of various materials, including human brains, Tinkertoys, steel, tungsten, quantum particles and DNA.All computation is one: The work of Alan Turing, Alonso Church, Emil Post and David Deutsch combines the first two postulates into one: the principle that computation is universal means that every constituent of the universe (such as atoms, molecules, and cells) manipulates, computes and transmits information.Holographic computation is used by the universe: This combines the first three postulates into one, and states that humans, animals, plants and particles communicate, compute and transmit information both non-locally and holographically.The universe is a self-organizing system: By transmitting information non-locally and holographically, the universe organizes itself, which means that it is a self-conscious organizing system