Development Of Advanced No Subscript X Control Concepts For Coal Fired Utility Boiler Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 7 April 1 1992 June 30 1992
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Development of Advanced NO(subscript X) Control Concepts for Coal-fired Utility Boiler. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 7, April 1, 1992--June 30, 1992
Hybrid technologies for the reduction of NO(subscript x) emissions from coal-fired utility boilers have shown the potential to offer greater levels of NO(subscript x) control than the sum of the individual technologies, leading to more cost effective emissions control strategies. Energy and Environmental Research Corporation (EER) has developed a hybrid NO(subscript x) control strategy involving two proprietary concepts which has the potential to meet the US Department of Energy's NO(subscript x) reduction goal at a significant reduction in cost compared to existing technology. The process has been named CombiNO(subscript x). CombiNO(subscript x) is an integration of three technologies: modified reburning, promoted selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR) and methanol injection. These technologies are combined to achieve high levels of NO(subscript x) emission reduction from coal-fired power plants equipped with S0(subscript x) scrubbers. The first two steps, modified reburning and promoted SNCR are linked. It has been shown that performance of the SNCR agent is dependent upon local oxidation of CO. Reburning is used to generate the optimum amount of CO to promote the SNCR agent. Approximately 10 percent reburning is required, this represents half of that required for conventional reburning. If the reburn fuel is natural gas, the combination of reburning and SNCR may result in a significant cost savings over conventional reburning. The third step, injection of methanol into the flue gas, is used to oxidize NO to N02 which may subsequently be removed in a wet scrubber. Pilot-scale tests performed at EER's 1 MMBtu/hr Boiler Simulation Facility (BSF) have demonstrated NO(subscript x) reductions up to 92%. The program's next phase entails process scale-up to a 10 MMBtu/hr furnace also located at EER's Santa Anna test site.
Development of Advanced NO(subscript X) Control Concepts for Coal-fired Utility Boilers. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 8, July 1, 1992--September 30, 1992
The complete CombiNO(subscript x), process has now been demonstrated at a level that is believed to be representative of a full-scale boiler in terms of mixing capabilities. A summary of the results is displayed in Figure 5-1. While firing Illinois Coal on the Reburn Tower, Advanced Reburning was capable of reducing NO(subscript x), by 83 percent. The injection of methanol oxidized 50--58 percent of the existing NO to N02. Assuming that 85 percent of the newly formed N02 can be scrubbed in a liquor modified wet-limestone scrubber, the CombiNO(subscript x), process has been shown capable of reducing NO2, by 90--91 percent in a large pilot-scale coal-fired furnace. There is still uncertainty regarding the fate of the N02 formed with methanol injection. Tests should be conducted to determine whether the reconversion is thermodynamic or catalytic, and what steps can be taken (such as quench rate) to prevent it from happening.
Development of Advanced NO(subscript X) Control Concepts for Coal-fired Utility Boilers. Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 3, April 1--June 30, 1991
Hybrid technologies for reduction of NO(subscript x) emissions from coal fired utility boilers may offer greater levels of NO(subscript x) control than the sum of the individual technologies, leading to more cost effective emissions control strategies. CombiNO(subscript x) is an integration of modified reburning, promoted selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) and methanol injection to reduce NO(subscript x) emissions from coal fired flue gas. The first two steps, modified reburning and promoted SNCR are linked. It was shown previously that oxidation of CO in the presence of a SNCR agent enhances the NO reduction performance. Less reburning than is typically done is required to generate the optimum amount of CO to promote the SNCR agent. If the reburn fuel is natural gas this may result in a significant cost savings over typical reburning. Injection of methanol into the flue gas has been shown at laboratory scale to convert NO to NO2 which may subsequently be removed in a wet scrubber. The overall objective of this program is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the CombiNOx process at a large enough scale and over a sufficiently broad range of conditions to provide all of the information needed to conduct a full-scale demonstration in a coal fired utility boiler. The specific technical goals of this program are: 70% NO(subscript x) reduction at 20% of the cost of selective catalytic reduction; NO(subscript x) levels at the stack of 60 ppm for ozone non-attainment areas; demonstrate coal reburning; identify all undesirable by-products of the process and their controlling parameters; demonstrate 95% NO2 removal in a wet scrubber. During this reporting period, experimental work was initiated at both the laboratory and pilot scale in the Fundamental Studies phase of the program. The laboratory scale work focused on determining whether or not the NO2 formed by the methanol injection step can be removed in an SO2 scrubber.