Development And Calibration Of The Forward Scatter Visibility Meter

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Development and Calibration of the Forward Scatter Visibility Meter

A new visibility instrument, the forward scatter visibility meter, has been developed. This report describes the development of the instrument, including the various field tests. Some thirty instruments have been operationally deployed in a network of automatic weather stations near L.G. Hanscom Field in Bedford, Mass. Comparisons between field instruments and transmissometers yield differences of about plus or minus 19 percent. Comparisons with visual observations show differences of plus or minus 34 percent and greater. Analyses of individual cases uncovered difficulties with the response time of observers and with ability to diagnose spatially varying visibility. The accuracy of visibility measurements is assessed and the report concludes by looking at the future of visibility instruments. (Author).
Development and Calibration of the Forward Scatter Visibility Meter

A new visibility instrument, the forward scatter visibility meter, has been developed. This report describes the development of the instrument, including the various field tests. Some thirty instruments have been operationally deployed in a network of automatic weather stations near L.G. Hanscom Field in Bedford, Mass. Comparisons between field instruments and transmissometers yield differences of about plus or minus 19 percent. Comparisons with visual observations show differences of plus or minus 34 percent and greater. Analyses of individual cases uncovered difficulties with the response time of observers and with ability to diagnose spatially varying visibility. The accuracy of visibility measurements is assessed and the report concludes by looking at the future of visibility instruments. (Author).
Forward Scatter Meter Measurements of Slant Visual Range

The potential for remote tower measurements of point visibility in the determination of slant range visibility for aircraft landing operations was explored through analysis of data collected at the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory Weather Test Facility at Otis AFB, Massachusetts. This report described initial experiments that deal with an analysis of the small scale variability of extinction coefficient in time and space. Data from two instrumented towers spaced 1500 ft apart were classified for investigation of the horizontal variability of visibility at elevations up to 100 ft and space-time variability for lag periods from 0 to 10 minutes. The preliminary tests give additional evidence that the runway visual range (RVR) measurements alone often are not representative of pilot visibility during approach and touchdown. Remote measurements of visibility using either a 50-ft or 100-ft instrumented tower would add significantly to the real safety of 'see-to-land' operations under conditions of Categories I, II, and IIIa through an improved description of conditions related to airfield visibility. (Author).