Comparison Of Carbon Nanotube And Graphene Field Effect Transistor Biosensors
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Comparison of Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Field-effect Transistor Biosensors
Detection of biomolecules is important for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Low concentration detection, specific biomolecule detection, and point-of-care use are appealing characteristics for biosensors because of the possibility of early detection and quick results of specific biomolecules. Furthermore, inexpensive biosensors are appealing so that they are accessible to the general population. The biosensors in this study have the potential to satisfy these characteristics. In this study graphene field-effect transistors (G-FET) were fabricated. Graphene was grown using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and transferred to a silicon/silicon oxide substrate. The CVD method is the most scalable and cost-effective method of producing graphene for devices. Standard photolithography was used to pattern and then deposit metal electrodes. Two separate experiments were conducted; one using electrostatic attraction to bind protein to the active area of the G-FET to detect the protein poly-L-lysine (PLL) and one using an aptamer modified G-FET to selectively detect the protein thrombin. Analyte was delivered using a homebuilt, pressure driven, microfluidic, mass flow system. Both experiments showed a detection of the protein. The PLL experiment showed a clear change in the effective gate voltage of the G-FET. The thrombin experiment showed a change in the effective gate voltage that varied with differing concentrations of thrombin present. Furthermore, in the thrombin experiment by changing from a thrombin solution back to buffer the effective gate voltage was brought back to its original value. A competing protein was introduced and gave a signal comparable to the signal of a 10 times smaller concentration of thrombin. All of this shows that CVD grown graphene in a FET biosensor can be used for protein detection. Furthermore, the specific detection of thrombin suggests that aptamer modified G-FETs with CVD grown graphene can be used as a protein specific biosensor.
Field-effect Transistor Biosensors for Rapid Pathogen Detection
Author: Naif H M Al-Hardan
language: en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date: 2024-05-03
Looking to prevent future outbreaks of deadly pathogens by early detection? Infectious diseases continue to be a challenge that necessitates increased precision in detection and integration to achieve accurate diagnosis at the point of care (PoC). Field-effect transistors (FETs) have been investigated widely as biosensors for pathogen detection, with advantages such as label-free and real-time detection capabilities. These biosensors have: a high level of sensitivity, a remarkable capacity for miniaturization, a molecular minimum limit of detection (LoD), and seamless integration with semiconductor technology In this title, we have invited expert scientific researchers to share their experience in this field. This book focuses on the application and possibility of FETs as biosensors, for rapid and real time detection of pathogens that affect human life. The lack of commercially available efficient devices that can be deployed for this task resulted in the recent global spread of the SARS-CoV-19 virus. The book is an attempt to keep interested parties up to date. Aimed at scientists and engineers (researchers, academics, and postgraduate students) who are interested in developing and using BioFET based sensors, the information in this book is crucial to help prevent future outbreaks of pathogens which bring with them significant impacts on human health and wellbeing.
2D Monoelements
2D Monoelements: Properties and Applications explores the challenges, research progress and future developments of the basic idea of two-dimensional monoelements, classifications, and application in field-effect transistors for sensing and biosensing. The thematic topics include investigations such as: Recent advances in phosphorene The diverse properties of two-dimensional antimonene, of graphene and its derivatives The molecular docking simulation study used to analyze the binding mechanisms of graphene oxide as a cancer drug carrier Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-derived carbon (graphene and carbon nanotubes) and MOF-carbon composite materials, with a special emphasis on the use of these nanostructures for energy storage devices (supercapacitors) Two-dimensional monoelements classification like graphene application in field-effect transistors for sensing and biosensing Graphene-based ternary materials as a supercapacitor electrode Rise of silicene and its applications in gas sensing