Cache Coherency Mechanisms In Risc V Multicore Architectures
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Cache Coherency Mechanisms in RISC-V Multicore Architectures
Author: Kim Ho Yeap
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date: 2025-03-07
In the rapidly evolving world of multicore systems, ensuring cache coherency is crucial for maintaining data consistency and system performance. This book delves deep into the complexities of cache coherency in parallel computing environments, offering a comprehensive exploration of both snoop-based and directory-based protocols. Detailed insights are provided into various protocols, including MSI, MESI, MOSI, MOESI, and Write-Once, analysing their unique advantages and trade-offs. Leveraging the open-source RISC-V architecture, known for its scalability and modularity, the book presents the design and development of a scalable cache coherency fabric tailored for RISC-V multicore systems. Through detailed simulations using SystemVerilog and ModelSim, the book rigorously examines the fabric’s ability to maintain memory consistency across multiple cores, providing valuable findings that contribute to the advancement of multicore processor design. Whether you are a researcher, engineer, or student, this book offers an essential guide to understanding and optimizing cache coherency in multicore systems.
Multi-Core Cache Hierarchies
Author: Rajeev Balasubramonian
language: en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date: 2022-06-01
A key determinant of overall system performance and power dissipation is the cache hierarchy since access to off-chip memory consumes many more cycles and energy than on-chip accesses. In addition, multi-core processors are expected to place ever higher bandwidth demands on the memory system. All these issues make it important to avoid off-chip memory access by improving the efficiency of the on-chip cache. Future multi-core processors will have many large cache banks connected by a network and shared by many cores. Hence, many important problems must be solved: cache resources must be allocated across many cores, data must be placed in cache banks that are near the accessing core, and the most important data must be identified for retention. Finally, difficulties in scaling existing technologies require adapting to and exploiting new technology constraints. The book attempts a synthesis of recent cache research that has focused on innovations for multi-core processors. It is an excellent starting point for early-stage graduate students, researchers, and practitioners who wish to understand the landscape of recent cache research. The book is suitable as a reference for advanced computer architecture classes as well as for experienced researchers and VLSI engineers. Table of Contents: Basic Elements of Large Cache Design / Organizing Data in CMP Last Level Caches / Policies Impacting Cache Hit Rates / Interconnection Networks within Large Caches / Technology / Concluding Remarks
A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence
Author: Daniel Sorin
language: en
Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers
Release Date: 2011-03-02
Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies