Bad Catalytic Converter
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Popular Mechanics
Popular Mechanics inspires, instructs and influences readers to help them master the modern world. Whether it’s practical DIY home-improvement tips, gadgets and digital technology, information on the newest cars or the latest breakthroughs in science -- PM is the ultimate guide to our high-tech lifestyle.
Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters
The dramatic evolution of catalytic converters in the last thirty years was a result of a need worldwide to reduce pollution created by the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Environmental concerns have led American, Japanese and European Union (EU) legislation to pose continuously stricter emission limits for petrol engines in the last decades. The catalytic converter has become the most important means of exhaust treatment to achieve the desired emission limits. The international legislation has also created a need for a regular assessment of the efficiency of the catalytic converter in order to detect a deterioration of its conversion efficiency as soon as this deterioration takes place. The assessment of conversion efficiency of a catalytic converter can take place during normal driving of a vehicle (on-board diagnosis or OBD) or in a workshop by specialized technicians. The most important methods nowadays are the OBD methods. The evolution of methods concerned with OBD and non-OBD monitoring and diagnosing of efficiency of catalytic converters of internal combustion engines is described based on patents and published patent applications. Non-patent references are also used. The basic principles of modern catalytic converters are described in an extensive Introduction, where the importance of monitoring and diagnosing the efficiency of catalytic converters is demonstrated. The book is divided into four parts. The first part describes methods involving the use of oxygen or air/fuel exhaust gas sensors to determine the oxygen storage capacity of a catalytic converter. The second part describes methods involving the use of temperature sensors to determine the exothermic reaction capacity of a catalytic converter. The third part describes all other methods existing in patent literature that monitor and diagnose the efficiency of catalytic converters. The great majority of the methods of the third part involves exhaust gas concentration measurements. The fourth part comprises a general discussion of all methods described. In the beginning of each part, a short introduction is given to explain the problem that the methods attempt to solve. The methods in each part are presented in chronological order per patent applicant. This helps to evaluate how the patent applicant has improved his methods over time. A patent number index with information about the patent applicants, inventors, priorities and patent-families, an inventor index, a company index and a subject index can be found at the end of the book.
Make Sure to Service Your Automobile
Author: Pasquale De Marco
language: en
Publisher: Pasquale De Marco
Release Date: 2025-04-16
In the ever-evolving world of automotive maintenance, having the knowledge and skills to care for your vehicle is more important than ever. Whether you're a seasoned DIY enthusiast or a novice just starting out, this comprehensive guide empowers you to take control of your vehicle's maintenance journey. Discover the secrets to keeping your car running smoothly for years to come, from routine checkups to advanced repairs. This book provides step-by-step instructions, clear explanations, and valuable tips to equip you with the confidence to tackle any automotive challenge. Delve into the intricacies of your vehicle's systems, gaining insights into the engine, transmission, brakes, suspension, and electrical components. Learn how to identify unusual noises, interpret warning lights, and address fluid leaks, ensuring minor issues don't escalate into major problems. Empower yourself to perform essential maintenance tasks with ease, from changing oil and filters to inspecting tires and maintaining brakes. Tackle advanced tasks like spark plug replacement and transmission fluid maintenance with confidence, armed with clear instructions and helpful tips. Safety is paramount when working on your vehicle, and this book emphasizes the importance of proper precautions. Discover how to choose the right tools and equipment, create a safe working environment, and handle hazardous materials responsibly. Learn the art of communicating effectively with mechanics and navigating warranty and insurance claims, ensuring you receive the best service and value for your money. Maintaining your vehicle's appearance is not just about aesthetics; it also contributes to its longevity. Explore techniques for washing and waxing, preventing rust and corrosion, and detailing your vehicle like a pro. Discover eco-friendly driving and maintenance practices that reduce emissions and extend the lifespan of your vehicle, making a positive impact on the environment. Throughout this book, you'll find a wealth of practical advice, expert insights, and troubleshooting tips to help you keep your vehicle in top condition. Whether you're looking to save money, gain confidence in your automotive skills, or simply ensure your car is operating at its best, this book is your indispensable companion. Take control of your vehicle's maintenance journey today and relish the satisfaction of a well-maintained automobile. If you like this book, write a review on google books!