Atoms In Strong Magnetic Fields
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Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields
Author: Hanns Ruder
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
In this book we summarize the essential results of our efforts over the years to calculate energies, wave functions, and electromagnetic transitions of atoms as functions of the magnetic field strength from laboratory fields up to neutron star magnetic fields. Motivated by the observational evidence of huge magnetic 5 fields with strengths up to 10 T in the vicinity of white dwarf stars and of up 9 to 10 T in the vicinity of neutron stars the authors, together with coworkers and candidates for doctor and diploma degrees, have investigated this ,fasci nating quantum mechanical problem more or less continuously since 1978. The extensive tables and figures in the appendices represent the most complete data set to date in this field of research. For practical use all numbers are available by "anonymous ftp" over Internet. The first direct measurement of a neutron star magnetic field by Trum per and his group, who observed a cyclotron feature at about 50 ke V in the spectrum of the X-ray pulsar Hercules X-I corresponding to a field strength of 8 several 10 T, stimulated investigations of atoms within the framework of the adiabatic approximation, which is well justified for such field strengths. This method and its results are discussed in Chaps. 3, 5, and 6.
Atoms in Strong Fields
Author: C.A. Nicolaides
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2013-11-11
This book collects the lectures given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Atoms in Strong Fields", which took place on the island of Kos, Greece, during the two weeks of October 9-21,1988. The designation "strong field" applies here to an external electromagnetic field that is sufficiently strong to cause highly nonlinear alterations in atomic or molecular struc ture and dynamics. The specific topics treated in this volume fall into two general cater gories, which are those for which strong field effects can be studied in detail in terrestrial laboratories: the dynamics of excited states in static or quasi-static electric and magnetic fields; and the interaction of atoms and molecules with intense laser radiation. In both areas there exist promising opportunities for research of a fundamental nature. An electric field of even a few volts per centimeter can be very strong on the atom ic scale, if it acts upon a weakly bound state. The study of Rydberg states with high reso lution laser spectroscopic techniques has made it possible to follow the transition from weak-field to strong-field behavior in remarkable detail, using static fields of modest lab oratory strength; in the course of this transition the atomic system evolves from one which can be thoroughly understood in terms of field-free quantum numbers, to one which cannot be meaningfully associated at all with the zero-field states of the atom.
Atoms and Molecules in Strong External Fields
Author: P. Schmelcher
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2007-05-08
This book contains contributions to the 172. WE-Heraeus-Seminar “Atoms and Molecules in Strong External Fields,” which took place April 7–11 1997 at the Phys- zentrum Bad Honnef (Germany). The designation “strong fields” applies to external static magnetic, and/or electric fields that are sufficiently intense to cause alterations in the atomic or molecular str- ture and dynamics. The specific topics treated are the behavior and properties of atoms in strong static fields, the fundamental aspects and electronic structure of molecules in strong magnetic fields, the dynamics and aspects of chaos in highly excited R- berg atoms in external fields, matter in the atmosphere of astrophysical objects (white dwarfs, neutron stars), and quantum nanostructures in strong magnetic fields. It is obvious that the elaboration of the corresponding properties in these regimes causes the greatest difficulties, and is incomplete even today. Present-day technology has made it possible for many research groups to study the behavior of matter in strong external fields, both experimentally and theore- cally, where the phrase “experimentally” includes the astronomical observations. - derstanding these systems requires the development of modern theories and powerful computational techniques. Interdisciplinary collaborations will be helpful and useful in developing more efficient methods to understand these important systems. Hence the idea was to bring together people from different fields like atomic and molecular physics, theoretical chemistry, astrophysics and all those colleagues interested in aspects of few-body systems in external fields.