Alexander The Great The Invisible Enemy
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Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy
Despite Alexander the Great's unprecedented accomplishments, during the last seven years of his life, this indomitable warrior became increasingly unpredictable, sporadically violent, megalomaniacal, and suspicious of friends as well as enemies. What could have caused such a lamentable transformation? This biography seeks to answer that question by assessing the role of alcohol in Alexander the Great's life, using the figure of Dionysus as a symbol of its destructive effects on his psyche. The unique methodology employed in this book explores various aspects of Alexander's life while maintaining an historical framework. The exposition of the main theme is handled in such a way that the biography will appeal to general readers as well as scholars.
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great: The Invisible Enemy differs from other biographies of Alexander in its assessment of the role of alcohol in his life. John Maxwell O'Brien uses the figure of Dionysus as a symbol of the destructive effects of alcohol on Alexander's psyche. Alexander himself ascribed most of his severe setbacks to the god Dionysus. This deity serves as an agent through whom a cluster of ambivalent considerations is explored: the heroic and the Dionysiac, the rational and the irrational, male and female, sanity and madness. Alexander's story unfolds as a tragedy in the Aristotelian sense of the word. Alexander is treated from birth to death as a total personality. His culture, his gods, his parents, his aspirations, his exploits, his fears, his insecurities, his sexuality, his drinking and the psychology of alcoholism are examined from an interdisciplinary perspective. The book utilizes recent discoveries in archaeology and incorporates new interpretations from anthropology, psychology, mythology, philosophy and literature. The historical context provides a structure for these diverse insights. Key passages in the narrative are illuminated by telling quotations from Homer and Euripides which draw the reader into the thought processes of Greek antiquity. This study of the ancient world's most famous and successful conqueror takes into account the latest scholarship in the field and includes a comprehensive bibliography. The controversial approach and the book's focus are likely to cause wide comment and attract considerable attention among general readers as well as scholars.
The Madness of Alexander the Great
Over the years, some 20,000 books and articles have been written about Alexander the Great, the vast majority hailing him as possibly the greatest general that ever lived. Richard A. Gabriel, however, argues that, while Alexander was clearly a succesful soldier-adventurer, the evidence of real greatness is simply not there. The author presents Alexander as a misfit within his own warrior society, attempting to overcompensate. Thoroughly insecure and unstable, he was given to episodes of uncontrollable rage and committed brutal atrocities that would today have him vilified as a monstrous psychopath. The author believes some of his worst excesses may have been due to what we now call Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, of which he displays many of the classic symptoms, brought on by extended exposure to violence and danger. Above all the author thinks that Alexander's military ability has been flattered by History. Alexander was tactically competent but contributed nothing truly original, while his strategy was often flawed and distorted by his obsession with personal glory. This radical reappraisal is certain to provoke debate.