Advancing India S Structural Transformation And Catch Up To The Technology Frontier
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Advancing India’s Structural Transformation and Catch-up to the Technology Frontier
Author: Cristian Alonso
language: en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date: 2024-07-09
While India’s growth has been strong in recent decades, its structural transformation remains incomplete. In this paper, we first take stock of India’s growth to date. We find that economic activity has shifted from agriculture to services, but agriculture remains the predominant employer. Catch up to the technological frontier has been uneven, with limited progress in agriculture, but also in construction and trade, which have grown the most in terms of employment. We do find some Indian firms already operating at the technological frontier. These strong performers tend to be large firms. We then consider India’s employment challenge going forward. We find that India needs to create between 143-324 million jobs by 2050 and that doing so and with workers shifting towards more dynamic sectors could boost GDP growth by 0.2-0.5 percentage points. Structural reforms can help India create high-quality jobs and accelerate growth.
Slovak Republic
Author: International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
language: en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date: 2025-03-24
Slovak Republic: 2025 Selected Issues
Make in India
Author: Rahul Anand
language: en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date: 2015-05-29
Structural transformation depends not only on how much countries export but also on what they export and with whom they trade. This paper breaks new ground in analyzing India’s exports by the technological content, quality, sophistication, and complexity of the export basket. We identify five priority areas for policies: (1) reduction of trade costs, at and behind the border; (2) further liberalization of FDI including through simplification of regulations and procedures; (3) improving infrastructure including in urban areas to enhance manufacturing and services in cities; (4) preparing labor resources (skills) and markets (flexibility) for the technological progress that will shape jobs in the years ahead; and (5) creating an enabling environment for innovation and entrepreneurship to draw the economy into higher productivity activities.