Adsorption Of Methylene Blue By Using Activated Carbon From Empty Fruit Bunch And Palm Press Fiber
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Adsorption of Methylene Blue by Using Activated Carbon from Empty Fruit Bunch and Palm Press Fiber
Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) and Palm Press Fiber (PPF) are abundance of agricultural wastes. These fiber are basically incinerated and used in mulching purposes. Adsorption of methylene blue by using both of fiber is one way to increase the uses of them. Methylene blue is one of dyestuff that harmful to human and aquatic life. Effect of contact time, agitation speed and dosage of activated carbon is investigated. Activation the activated carbon using impregnated of KOH solution is used. Same ratio of fiber which is (1:1) (wt %) is prepared. The higher the contact time, the higher the amount of adsorption capacity obtained. At certain time there got the lower number of adsorption capacity because the contact time taken is not sufficient since the process of adsorption taking a long time to achieve the equilibrium. In term of agitation speed, 170 rpm of speed gave the highest adsorption capacity compared to 200 rpm and 700 rpm. According to Langmuir isotherm model, it is showed that 170 rpm gave 5.025 mg/g of adsorption capacity. It is because the Van der Waals forces are weak to bind the molecules. So, the molecules that already attracted to the molecules surface are desorbed back if the agitation speed too high. For dosage impact, the adsorption capacity decreased sharply with the increasing of adsorbent dosage because of the overlapping of adsorption site that cause the overcrowding of adsorbent particles.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue Using Activated Carbon from Mixed of Palm Oil Press Fibres and Empty Fruit Bunch
Nowadays, palm oil industry wastes such as palm oil empty fruit bunch and palm oil press fibre have been sold as source of energy renewable in Malaysia. In the combustion process of palm oil empty fruit bunch and palm oil press fibre will produce carbon. This carbon can be activated to use in waste water treatment and chemical absorber. Methylene blue was use as adsorbate with different concentration. The activated carbons have been produce using chemical activation using potassium hydroxide. It has been carbonize at 250oC for 24 hour with nitrogen flow and the activation process also as carbonize process with temperature 300oC. The equilibrium study using UV-Visible Spectrophotometer is to make calibration curve and to determine the final concentration of the methylene blue solution. From the experiment, the adsorption graph show the 50% additional percentage weight of empty fruit bunch into palm oil press fibres give the high adsorption percentage and from the lagmuir isotherm it also give the high value R2 and it maximum adsorption capacity is 111.111 mg/g. The characterization of the activated carbon produce have been determine using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), it presence of -OH (hydroxyl), C-H (alkanes and alkyls), C=O (Ketone or Asidcarbosilik), and C-O-C (esters, eter or phenol).From this research, that can conclude the activated carbon is successfully produce and the characterization of the activated carbon also determine using FTIR. The optima condition is at 50% additional percentage weight of empty fruit bunch into palm oil press fibre.
Sustainability of Biofuel Production from Oil Palm Biomass
Author: Keat Teong Lee
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2013-07-30
This book evaluates and discusses the main sustainability challenges encountered in the production of biofuel and bio-products from oil palm biomass. It starts off with the emphasis on oil palm production, oil palm products recovery and oil palm wastes utilization. The simultaneous production of these bio-products for sustainable development is discussed. This is followed by the key factors defining the sustainability of biofuel and bio-product production from oil palm biomass. The environmental issues including ecological, life cycle assessment and environmental impact assessment of oil palm plantation, milling and refining for the production of biofuels and bio-products are presented. Socio-economic and thermodynamic analysis of the production processes are also evaluated using various sustainability assessment tools such as exergy. Lastly, methods of improving biofuel production systems for sustainable development are highlighted.