A Study Of The Circulation Of Ceramics In Cyprus From The 3rd Century Bc To The 3rd Century Ad
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A Study of the Circulation of Ceramics in Cyprus from the 3rd Century BC to the 3rd Century AD
Author: John Lund
language: en
Publisher: Aarhus Universitetsforlag
Release Date: 2015-10-26
This is the first monograph devoted solely to the ceramics of Cyprus in the Hellenistic and Roman Periods. The island was by then no longer divided into kingdoms but unified politically, first under Ptolemaic Egypt and later as a province in the Roman Empire. Submission to foreign rule was previously thought to have diluted - if not obliterated - the time-honoured distinctive Cypriot character. The ceramic evidence suggests otherwise. The distribution of local and imported pottery in Cyprus points to the existence of several regional exchange networks, a division that also seems reflected by other evidence. The similarities in material culture, exchange patterns and preferential practices are suggestive of a certain level of regional collective self-awareness. From the 1st century BC onwards, Cyprus became increasingly engulfed by mass produced and standardized ceramic fine wares, which seem ultimately to have put many of the indigenous makers of similar products out of business - or forced them to modify their output. Also, the ceramic record gradually became less diverse during the Roman Period than before - developments which we today might be inclined to view as symptoms of an early form of globalisation.
The Belt and Road Initiative
This open access book presents the main theme which advances the significance of cultural dialogue between China and Europe. The essence of the historical ties between China and Europe has resurfaced, much because of the Belt and Road Initiative launched in 2013 by China’s President Xi Jinping. The Belt and Road Initiative aims to bring China closer to Europe, Africa, and other parts of the world, as well as to connect certain parts of Asia into a huge network of countries through both land and maritime corridors. While the concept originally dates back to the Han Dynasty some 2,000 years ago, when the Silk Road developed into an ancient network of trade routes connecting Imperial China to the markets of the Mediterranean, the Belt and Road Initiative is better defined as a far more holistic approach. As per China’s Policy Paper on the European Union, one of the main aims of the Belt and Road Initiative is to “uphold inter-civilization dialogue and harmony in diversity to facilitate mutual learning between the Chinese and European civilizations”. It is precisely this mutual learning between the Chinese and European civilizations that the present book seeks to explore by means of delving into the historical aspect of intercultural dialogue and between China and Europe, while also proposing a prognosis of how the guiding principles of China–EU relations will develop with regard to inter-civilization dialogue.
Figurine Makers of Prehistoric Cyprus
The Chalcolithic period in Cyprus has been known since Porphyrios Dikaios’ excavations at Erimi in the 1930s and through the appearance in the antiquities market of illicitly acquired anthropomorphic cruciform figures, often manufactured from picrolite, a soft blue-green stone. The excavations of the settlement and cemetery at Souskiou Laona reported on in this volume paint a very different picture of life on the island during the late 4th and early 3rd millennia BC. Burial practices at other known sites are generally single inhumations in intramural pit graves, only rarely equipped with artifacts. At Souskiou, multiple inhumations were interred in deep rock-cut tombs clustered in extra-mural cemeteries. Although the sites were also subjected to extensive looting, excavations have revealed complex multi-stage burial practices with arrangements of disarticulated and articulated burials accompanied by a rich variety of grave goods. Chief among these are a multitude of cruciform figurines and pendants. This unusual treatment of the dead, which has not been recorded elsewhere in Cyprus, shifts the focus from the individual to the communal, and provides evidence for significant changes involving kinship group links to common ancestors. Excavations at the Laona settlement have furnished evidence suggesting that it functioned as a specialised center for the procurement and manufacture of picrolite during its early phase. The subsequent decline of picrolite production and the earliest known occurrence of new types of ornaments, such as faience beads and copper spiral pendants, attest to important changes involving the transformation of personal and social identities during the first centuries of the 3rd millennium BC, a topic that forms a central theme of this final report on the site.