A Guide To Conclusive Proofs For The Principles Of Belief 2022 Edition
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A Guide to Conclusive Proofs for the Principles of Belief (2022 Edition)
This work, commonly known simply as al-Irshad, ("The Guide") is a major classic of Islamic theology. Its author, Iman al-Haramayn al-Juwayni (d. 478/1085), was the leading Ash'arite (Sunni) theologian of his time but he was more famous for his many important treatises on the principles of law and for having been the teacher of the great al-Ghazzali. Nevertheless, his writings in the field of theology, especially the present book, represent the high point of its development in the Islamic world until then. Here the master sets out systematically what he considered the sure proofs for the principles of any discourse about God and His attributes, about what must be said concerning Him, and how the human being should understand what is possible in respect to God.
Al-Qushayrī’s Teleological Theology
Author: Badreldeen Ismail
language: en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Release Date: 2025-04-21
Abū al-Qāsim al-Qushayrī’s (d. 465/1072) theological oeuvres remain eclipsed by his celebrated achievements in Sufism, with prevailing scholarly assertions that he is a mere repeater of Ashʿarite views and that his theology plays an apologetic role within al-Risālat al-Qushayriyya, anchoring its esoteric content to orthodoxy. Against this backdrop, the present study investigates al-Qushayrī’s theology, in the light of intellectual developments in the fourth-fifth/tenth-eleventh centuries. His views are critically analysed on prominent epochal issues across his three most voluminous theological creeds, Lumaʿ fī al-iʿtiqād, al-Fuṣūl fī al-uṣūl and al-Risāla. Key topics include God’s attributes; His relationship with man; and epistemological concerns. The thesis argues that al-Qushayrī’s theology is, contrary to prevailing views, neither homogenous, nor entirely Ashʿarite. It reveals that his variegated theology is shaped by teleological forces. Al-Lumaʿ shows a traditionalist bent, whereas al-Fuṣūl is distinctly semi-rationalist. In al-Risāla, he lays the foundations of a mystical theology that governs the Sufi schema, whilst simultaneously delimiting the relevance of Ashʿarite doctrines to the mere confines of the masses.
Al-Ghazālī and the Ideal of Godlikeness
Author: Sophia Vasalou
language: en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date: 2025-02-15
The idea that improving our character requires modelling ourselves on another will seem natural to many. But what might it mean to take God as a model for virtue? This book investigates how Muslim thinkers developed this idea against a rich backdrop of historical reflection on the topic and how one particular intellectual, Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī, shaped the conversation. The idea that becoming virtuous means becoming like God has a long history. It was a calling card of Plato's philosophy and popular among many of the ancient philosophical schools. In the Islamic world, it assumed a vivid form at the hands of Sufi thinkers who took the beautiful names of God as the headline of a project of self-transformation. God's beautiful names aren't just objects for abstract understanding; they represent moral and spiritual ideals. Moved by both philosophical and Sufi inspirations, al-Ghazālī casts the idea in a distinctive form which lets us into the sources of its fascination--and to the welter of questions it provokes. What, for example, does it even mean to ascribe virtues to God, given how closely the virtues seem to be tied to human limitations? Does the imitation of God set an achievable standard-and given the risks of aiming for it, should we even try? Drawing on a range of broader perspectives on virtue, character education, and the role of exemplars, this book works through such questions and places al-Ghazālī at the heart of an unfolding conversation.