What Not To Use With Retinol
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Retinoids
Author: Heinz Nau
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
In the future' the decade of the 1990s will likely be viewed as a Golden Age for retinoid research. There have been unprecedented research gains in the understanding of retinoid actions and physiology; since the retinoid nuclear receptors were first identified and the importance of retinoic acid in develop mental processes was first broadly recognized in the late 1980s. Between then and now, our knowledge of retinoid action has evolved from one of a near complete lack of understanding of how retinoids act within cells to one of sophisticated understanding of the molecular processes through which retinoids modulate transcription. In this volume, we have tried to provide a comprehensive update of the present understanding of retinoid actions, with an emphasis on re cent advances. The initial chapters of the volume, or Section A, focus on the physicochemical properties and metabolism of naturally occurring retinoids: - N OY provides an uncommonly encountered view of retinoid effects from the perspective of the physiochemical properties of retinoids. - V AKIANI and BUCK lend a perspective on the biological occurrence and actions of retro- and anhydro-retinoids. Section B considers both the retinoid nuclear receptors and their mechanisms of action as well as synthetic retinoids that have been used exper imentally to provide mechanistic insights into receptor actions and have potential therapeutic use for treating disease: - PIEDRAFITA and PFAHL provide a comprehensive review of retinoid nuclear receptor biochemistry and molecular biology.
Active ingredients used in cosmetics: safety survey
Author: Council of Europe
language: en
Publisher: Council of Europe
Release Date: 2008-03-01
Ingredients are used in cosmetics to give them specific properties. Certain ingredients, so called active ingredients, may produce pharmacological or toxic effects under certain conditions. Cosmetic products containing such ingredients may pose a health risk both because of their potential toxicity and because they may mask underlying serious diseases and consequently cause a dangerous delay in diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study is to give safety information on certain active ingredients which give raise to toxicological concerns and for which restrictions of use in cosmetics should be considered. Monographs were prepared for 45 active ingredients for which no specific regulations exist including, inter alia, information about uses, properties, a risk evaluation of the use in cosmetic products considering as toxicological endpoints both systemic and local effects. Each monograph includes a bibliography, conclusions and recommendations. The study complements a series of three volumes containing monographs about the safety of certain natural ingredients used in cosmetics and will serve as a useful reference in the field, for health authorities, manufacturers and health professionals in particular.
Retinoid Therapy
Author: W.J. Cunliffe
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
The impact of the retinoids in clinical practice has primarily been in dermatology. When Dr Werner Bollag began his basic research and screening programme in the early 1960's, the expectation was that the retinoids would have a major impact on oncology. However, the laboratory and clinical experiences of Bollag and his colleagues in Switzerland, Stuttgen and Orfanos in Germany, led to publications on both etretinates (Tigason) and isotretinoin (Roaccutane) in the years between 1972 and 1976 in the field of dermatology. In fact the first symposium on retinoid research held in Berlin in 1981 was almost entirely dermatological. A year later a retinoid workshop in Iowa was designed to provide a forum for dermatolog ists from the USA involved in specific protocols investigating oral retinoids. In the UK, research into the retinoids began rather later than in Continental Europe or in the USA, although Tigason was first marketed here. It was felt in late 1982 that as many dermatologists had relatively little experience with these compounds it would be appropriate to hold an International Symposium on retinoid therapy in the UK. Thus on 16-18 May 1983 in London, 37 speakers from 11 countries addressed an audience of 300, aminly UK, dermatologists. The scientific organizing committee consisted of but two persons Dr William Cunliffe of Leeds General Infirmary, representing the European Society of Dermatolo gical Research, and myself from Roche Clinical Research. The Symposium was held under the auspices of the ESDR and of Roche Products Limited.