The Bone Method
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Histology of Ancient Human Bone: Methods and Diagnosis
Author: Gisela Grupe
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2012-12-06
The examination of excavated human bone finds is mainly the domain of anthropologists and forensic pathologists, the former working with ancient and historical specimens, the latter with modern finds. The methodological and diagnostic approaches to these skeletal finds are the same, regardless of the time of burial. For physical an thropology, bodily human relics are dealt with as historical resources which give clues to ancient population structure, population develop ment, life-style and subsistence. They are thus able to help scientists understand the present state of human populations. The identification of the finds, whether species diagnosis or the evaluation of individual parameters such as sex, age at death, body size and shape, kinship and pathology follows the same procedure used by forensic patholo gists, whose task is the identification of bodily relics in cases of crime, mass disaster and the like. However, there are other disciplines which benefit from excavated bone finds. Anatomy gains insights into the morphological variability of the skeleton in time and place. The implications for modern physi cians and pathologists are at least two-fold: pathological specimens are suitable to unravel the distribution of many diseases and the susceptibility of individuals to pathogens in pre-antibiotic populations. In addition to this epidemiological aspect, exhumed specimens often exhibit advanced states of bone disease which are no longer or only very rarely present in today's industrialized populations because of efficient surgical intervention and pharmacological treatment.
Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage
Author: Yuehuei H. An
language: en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date: 2003-05-01
Histotechnology and histomorphometry are the major methodologies in bone and cartila- related research. Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage is an outgrowth of the editors’ own quest for information on bone and cartilage histology and histomorphometry. It is designed to be an experimental guide for personnel who work in the areas of basic and clinical bone and cartilage, orthopedic, or dental research. It is the first inclusive and organized reference book on histological and histomorphometrical techniques on bone and cartilage specimens. The topic has not previously been covered adequately by any existing books in the field. Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage has six major parts and is designed to be concise as well as inclusive, and more practical than theoretical. The text is simple and straightforward. Large numbers of tables, line drawings, and micro- or macro-photographs, are used to help readers better understand the content. Full bibliographies at the end of each chapter guide readers to more detailed information. A book of this length cannot discuss every method for bone and cartilage histology that has been used over the years, but it is hoped that major methods and their applications have been included.
Bone Remodeling Process
Bone Remodeling Process: Mechanics, Biology, and Numerical Modeling provides a literature review. The first part of the book discusses bones in a normal physiological condition, bringing together the involved actors and factors reported over the past two decades, and the second discusses pathological conditions, highlighting the attack vectors of each bone disease. The third part is devoted to the mathematical descriptions of bone remodeling, formulated to develop models able to provide information that is not amenable to direct measurement, while the last part focuses on models using the finite element method in investigating bone biomechanics.This book creates an overall image of the complex communication network established between the diverse remodeling actors, based on overwhelming control evidence revealed over recent years, as well as visualizes the remodeling defects and possible treatments in each case. It also regroups the models allowing readers to analyze and assess bone mechanical and biological properties. This book details the cellular mechanisms allowing the bone to adapt its microarchitecture to the requirements of the human body, which is the main issue in bone biology and presents the evolution of mathematical modeling used in a bone computer simulation. - Each chapter covers a core topic in bone biomechanics - Provides a multidisciplinary view that effectively links orthopaedics, cellular biology, mechanics, and computer simulation - Draws an overall image about bone biology and cell interactions, for identifying cell populations that are crucial for the remodeling process