Health Practitioner Regulation Design Reform And Implementation Guidance
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Health practitioner regulation: design, reform and implementation guidance
Author: World Health Organization
language: en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date: 2024-09-10
The regulation of health practitioners is an essential strategy to minimize instances of patient harm in health services by enabling access to practitioners who meet minimum criteria for patient safety. Although the models of regulation vary, regulatory functions include the following: defining and enforcing education standards; defining the minimum levels for competence and conduct of health practitioners; investigating complaints and enforcing discipline; and informing the public about regulated practitioners. Health practitioner regulation also has the potential to advance other health system priorities and objectives, such as workforce availability, equitable distribution and improved performance. This guidance aims to inform the design, reform and implementation of health practitioner regulation and to strengthen regulatory systems and institutions. It highlights the contemporary issues in health practitioner regulation, discusses challenges in implementing regulatory policies and articulates policy considerations for the design, reform and implementation of regulation. Finally, it highlights evidence gaps and identifies a research agenda.
WHO guideline on balanced national controlled medicines policies to ensure medical access and safety
Author: World Health Organization
language: en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date: 2025-07-23
Access to medicines is essential for attainment of universal health coverage, which is central to achievement of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals. Controlled medicines include those such as opioids, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, amphetamines and others with identified or emergent clinical indications. WHO recognizes that these medicines are necessary for pre- and post-operative care, for sedation, for the management of both acute and chronic pain, for palliative care, as anticonvulsants (anti-epileptics), for the management of anxiety disorders and for the management of substance use disorders, including as opioid agonist therapy (OAT). The purpose of this guideline is to assist WHO Member States and their partners in developing and implementing balanced national controlled medicines policies to ensure their accessibility, availability and affordability for medical and scientific uses and to minimize the risk of harm arising from non-medical use. The guideline addresses policies for groups (of all ages, from neonates through to older people) affected by conditions in which use of controlled medicines is deemed to be medically appropriate according to evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.
Governance of dual practice in the public and private health sectors
Author: World Health Organization
language: en
Publisher: World Health Organization
Release Date: 2024-08-15
Dual practice, the combination of public and private practice in the same or different sites, is ubiquitous in most national health systems. Within the literature, there has been more focus on the dual practice of physicians and specialists, although nurses, midwives and other health workers also engage in the practice. The adverse consequences of dual practice for universal health care vary by context, and evidence is largely descriptive and fails to quantify and analyse its effects. Governance response also remains inherently contextual and varies by level of implementation intensity and capacity. Overall, the effects of different governance tools in response to dual practice remain unexplored in the literature. Studies do not elicit much insight into the process of policy reform in response to dual practice.