Convergence Or Divergence In Europe
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Towards Convergence in Europe
Author: Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead
language: en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date: 2019
This book aims to answer a number of important questions. To what extent have European countries converged or diverged with EU-wide economic and social indicators over the past 20 years? What have been the drivers of convergence? Why do some countries lag behind, while others experience continuous upward convergence? Why are these trajectories not always linear? Particular attention is paid to the role of institutions, actors and industrial relations – focusing on the resources and strategies of governments, employers and trade unions – in nudging EU countries onto an upward convergence path.
Dialect Change
Author: Peter Auer
language: en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date: 2005-09-22
Dialects are constantly changing, and due to increased mobility in more recent years, European dialects have 'levelled', making it difficult to distinguish a native of Reading from a native of London, or a native of Bonn from a native of Cologne. This comprehensive study brings together a team of leading scholars to explore all aspects of recent dialect change, in particular dialect convergence and divergence. Drawing on examples from a wide range of European countries - as well as areas where European languages have been transplanted - they examine a range of issues relating to dialect contact and isolation, and show how sociolinguistic conditions differ hugely between and within European countries. Each specially commissioned chapter is based on original research, giving an overview of work on that particular area and presenting case studies to illustrate the issues discussed. Dialect Change will be welcomed by all those interested in sociolinguistics, dialectology, the relevance of language variation to formal linguistic theories, and European languages.
Convergence and Divergence Among European Regions
The various studies in this book constitute a useful resource of the current level of knowledge on the pattern of, and trends in, regional disparities in the European Union. What they tend to show is that there remains enormous diversity in terms of production structures, responsiveness to exogenous stimuli, behaviour of labour markets and growth ......